ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОЇ РЕАЛЬНОСТІ ОСІБ ТА РОЛЬ ПЕНІТЕНЦІАРНОЇ ПЕДАГОГІКИ У МІСЦЯХ ПОЗБАВЛЕННЯ ВОЛІ

Abstract

Penitentiary psychology is a branch of legal psychology that studies the mental patterns of personality dynamics in the process of serving sentences, in particular, and in places of imprisonment, as well as peculiarities of formation and functioning of micro-groups of convicts.

Crime as a social and socio-psychological phenomenon causes the need for prisons of different types. They carry out the function of isolation and re-education of persons who have committed unlawful acts and are serving sentences.

The main tasks of penitentiary psychology are: defining a system of principles and methods for studying the identity of prisoners; adaptation to existing methods and development of new ones aimed at more effective psychological impact; study of the psychological features of convicts in accordance with age, life experience, nature of the crime; identifying patterns of change in the psyche under conditions of imprisonment; study of patterns of formation and functioning of groups of convicts and forms and methods of psychological influence on a person's personality; selection of individual means of psychological influence for the effectiveness of balancing behavior; identification of psychological factors, affecting the effectiveness (re- socialization) of the conscious recovery of a convicted social member of a full member of society; his return to an independent, generally accepted social and normative life in society.

This is a study of the factors of social connection renewal, both during and after serving time; as well as: psychological recommendations for preparing the return to freedom and forming a psychological readiness for coexistence in the new conditions of society.

Prisoners are predominantly characterized by specific emotional states. In particular, anxiety, excitability, aggressiveness, mistrust, suspicion, depression and so on. These are the impacts of the appropriate environment, the limitation of needs; forced inclusion in same-sex social groups.

Mental state is a temporary change in the mind of the convict, which combines the mood of thoughts, feelings, aspirations. Also important is the attitude of the individual towards himself and the environment, which is conditioned by the influence of external or internal factors. Initially, mental states occur in some one aspect. For example, cognitive-intellectual (wonder, joy, expectation), emotional (depression, fear, malicious comfort), communicative (resistance, aggression, subjugation). Subsequently, these conditions completely envelop the convicted person.

The special role of penitentiary pedagogy in prisons. It studies the patterns and specifics of the pedagogical process in places of imprisonment, principles, methods, forms of influence on prisoners. Investigates holistic pedagogical process in places of imprisonment at different stages and in multidimensional forms of its use; illustrates the specifics of the objects and subjects of this process, their interactions and relationships; shows the essence of social and psychological phenomena of the convicts environment.

Penitentiary pedagogy is focused on finding effective forms, methods and means of influencing prisoners, taking into account the conditions and conditions of detention of prisoners.